Criminal Liability of Influencers Who Help Promote Illegal Cosmetic Products from the Perspective of Islamic Criminal and Criminal Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56593/khuluqiyya.v8i2.248Keywords:
Illegal Cosmetics, Criminal Liability, Islamic Criminal Law, Consumer ProtectionAbstract
The development of social media has made influencers an important part of digital marketing strategies, including the promotion of cosmetic products. However, the involvement of influencers in promoting illegal cosmetics that do not have a distribution permit or do not meet safety standards raises legal issues regarding the limits of criminal liability. This study aims to analyze the construction of criminal liability of influencers who promote illegal cosmetics based on Indonesian criminal law and Islamic criminal law. This research uses normative legal research methods with a legislative approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative approach. Legal materials are obtained through literature studies that include laws and regulations, legal literature, rulings, and relevant scientific articles, then analyzed qualitatively using descriptive-analytical methods. The results of the study show that influencers can be held criminally liable if proven intentionally or because of their negligence in promoting illegal cosmetics and meeting the elements of guilt and participation in criminal acts. The normative basis for accountability is contained in Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code, Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health, Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions, and BPOM Regulation Number 18 of 2024. In the perspective of Islamic criminal law, the promotion of illegal cosmetics is contrary to the principles of ta'āwun 'alā al-ithm, lā ḍarar wa lā ḍirār, the prohibition of tadlīs, and the purpose of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah, so it can qualify as jarīmah ta'zīr. This study concludes that both legal systems place influencers as legal subjects who can be held accountable for the promotion of illegal cosmetics. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations that specifically regulate the responsibilities of influencers and increase legal literacy in digital marketing practices.
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